The two main species of coffee tree have different botanical features and qualities. These dictate where they will naturally thrive and offer a sustainable crop.
Arabica
- Tree height: 3-4 meters
- Root system: Deep (Farmers should allow 1.5m between each tree, so that roots can spread comfortably.)
- Ideal temperature: 15-25°C
- Altitude: 900 - 2000 meters above sea level
- Flowering period: After rainfall
- From flower to cherry time: 9 months
- Caffeine content of beans: 0.8-1.4%
Robusta
- Tree height: 10-12 meters
- Root system: Shallow (Farmers should allow 2m between each tree)
- Ideal temperature: 20-30°C
- Altitude: 0 - 900 meters above sea level
- Flowering period: Irregular
- From flower to cherry time: 10-11 months
- Caffeine content of beans: 1.7-4%